Orchids are the most beautiful flowers and they are valued for cut flower production. They are known for their long lasting beautiful flowers which occupy a very high price in the market. Micropropagation plays an important role to meet growing market demand. The present study was carried out to standardize potting media for hardening of the in vitro raised plantlets of Dendrobium sp. under net house conditions. The potting media used for acclimatization contained coconut husk, brick pieces, charcoal and chip stones in different ratios. The observations were recorded on survival percentage, shoot length, number of leaves per plant, leaf width, number of root per plant, length of longest root after transplanting to ex vitro conditions. In this experiment, the treatment contained coconut husk: brick pieces: charcoal: chip stones at ratio 1:1:1:1 proved the best potting medium for higher survival rate (90%) at four weeks after transplanting to ex vitro conditions and for the subsequent development of plantlets under ex vitro conditions during acclimatization.

The huge network of devices connected to the Internet, including smart phones and tablets and almost anything with a sensor on it- cars, machines in production plants, jet engines, wearable devices, and more. These “things” collect and exchange data. IoT cuts diagonally different application domain verticals ranging from civilian to security sectors. These domains include agriculture, space, healthcare, manufacturing, construction, water, and mining, which are presently transitioning their bequest infrastructure to support IoT. The Internet of Things refers to the ever-growing network of physical objects that mark an IP address for internet connectivity, and the communication that occurs between these objects and other Internet-enabled devices and systems. Thermostats, cars, lights, refrigerators, and more appliances can all be linked to the IoT. Therefore, in this paper we learn the essentials of this promising technology.

In this paper, propose a simple Energy Efficient framework for Social-based Routing (EE-SR) in mobile social sensing networks to balance the load of nodes while maintaining the delivery ratio within an acceptable range by limiting the chances of forwarding in traditional social-based routing. Furthermore, propose an improved version of Energy Efficient Social Routing (EE-SR) to dynamically adjust the controlling parameter. Simulation results on real-life mobile traces demonstrate the efficiency of proposed framework. In this thesis, the problem of routing in intermittently connected wireless networks comprising multiple classes of nodes is addressed. We show that proposed solution, which perform well in homogeneous scenario, are not as competent in this setting. To this end, propose a class of routing schemes that can identify the nodes of “highest utility” for routing, improving the delay and delivery ratio. Additionally, proposed an analytical framework based on fluid models that can be used to analyze the performance of various opportunistic routing strategies, in heterogeneous settings.