International journal of advanced research and review (IJARR)

1.QUALITY EVALUATION AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF THE DIFFERENT MANGO JUICES AVAILABLE IN THE MARKET

Syed Asim Shah Bacha*, Sumayya Rani, Syed Masood Shah, Muhammad Junaid, Shujaat Ali and Ashfaq Ahmed, Abdul Jalal

Abstract:

This study was carried out on tetra pack mango juices to analyze for selected physicochemical analysis that included pH, acidity, 0brix and total sugar. These samples were also analyzed for sensory evaluation i.e. color, taste, appearance and smell. This research was carried out in the Department of Food Science and Technology, Agriculture Research Institute (ARI), Swat. Different brands of mango juice were purchased from local market of Swat that included Pepsico, Enjoy, Tops, Nestle, Kool and Tropico. These brands were analyzed and the results were recorded. The physicochemical analysis of these samples were as; Brad A (Pepsico) pH 3.73, acidity 0.27 %, 0brix 12.9, and total sugar 10.4%. Brand B (Enjoy) pH 4.20, acidity 0.13%, 0brix 9.8 and total sugar 2.17%. Brand C (Tops) pH 4.03, acidity 0.19%, 0brix 5.1 and total sugar 2.73%. Brand D (Nestle) pH 3.97, acidity 0.23%, 0brix 5.1 and total sugar 7.8%. Brand E (Kool), pH 4.02, acidity 0.17%, 0brix 10.3 and total sugar 7.41%. Brand F (Tropico) pH 4.05, acidity 0.18%, 0brix 6.5 and total sugar 5.37%. Brand (A) got highest scores in sensory as well as in physicochemical analysis, comparatively, it is considered as the best mango juice i the local market, while brand C and F were below the stadard limits of Pakistan Pure Food Laws.

2.EVALUATIONOF DIFFERENT TOMATO LINES UNDER THE CLIMATIC CONDITION OF BAFFA, MANSEHRA

Bakht Zeb, Shujaat Ali, Amir Ahmad, Muhammad Shahid, Rahmatullah Khan, Taskeen Hassan Khan, Syed Muhammad Aslam

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Peshawar, PAKISTAN

Abstract:

Experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Baffa, Mansehra during March to June, 2014.Different tomato lines i.e., BTS-01, BTS-02, BTS-05, BTS-06, BTS-07, TTS-05, TTS-06 TTS-08, and TTS-09 were evaluated for their comparative performance under the agro-climatic conditions Baffa, Mansehra. During the experiment different parameters were determined such as days to flowering, days to fruiting, plant height (cm), fruit length (cm), fruit diameter (cm), yield plot-1 (kg) and yield ha-1 (kg). During the studied parameters, it was concluded that highest plant height (70.00 cm), and maximum fruit diameter (6.80 cm) was recorded in line BTS-06 while maximum fruit length (7.19 cm) and higher yield (9639 kg) were recorded in BTS-05 line under the agro-climatic conditions of Mansehra.

3.SERUM APOLIPOPROTEIN A-1 AND B ARE STRONGER BIOMARKERS OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY THAN TRADITIONAL LIPIDS

Mukesh Kumar, Suman Kapuriya*, R.P. Agrawal, P. Sirohi, J.K.Meel

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Rajasthan, INDIA

Abstract:

Aim: Diabetic retinopathy is the most common preventable cause of blindness where early detection and treatment can be sight-saving. Search for biomarkers for the disease has been relentless. Traditional lipids have been used and we aim to determine whether new molecules; apolipoproteinA1 and B have stronger associations with diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study and studied 117 patients. Serum lipid profile was assessed by autoanalyser. Serum apolipoproteinsA1 and B were measured using immunoturbidimetric kit, SGM ITALY, on autoanalyser. ApoB/A1 ratio was calculated. Retinopathy was graded from the digital retinal photographs, taken with Non Mydriatic Autofundus Camera AFC230/210, and classified according to International-Clinical-Diabetic-Retinopathy-Disease-Severity-Scale.

Results: Mean ApoA1 for mild, moderate, severe retinopathy, proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) shows a significant negative correlation(p=0.001) with severity of retinopathy. Mean ApoB for mild, moderate, severe, PDR displayed significant positive correlation with severity of retinopathy(p=0.001). Mean ApoB/A1 for mild, moderate, severe, PDR showed highly significant positive correlation with severity of retinopathy(p<0.001). Similarly mean LDL for mild, moderate, severe, PDR showed insignificant association with severity of DR(p=0.081).

Conclusion: ApoA1 and ApoB are stronger biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy than traditional lipids and can thus facilitate early detection and treatment of the disease thus sparing sight for millions.

4.VENTILATORY FUNCTION IN TYPE 2 DIABETES AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO DISEASE DURATION AND LONG TERM AND SHORT TERM GLYCEMIC CONTROL-AN ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Sumesh Raj, Reshma Sugathan

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Abstract:

Introduction: Altered ventilatory function in type 2 diabetes has been reported in various studies. Pulmonary function may be affected by microvascular diabetic complications and non-enzymatic glycosylation of tissue proteins, induced by a chronic hyperglycemic state.

Methods: This study was conducted to assess the ventilatory function in patients with type 2 diabetes and its relationship to the duration of diabetes and glycemic control-both short term and long term. 132 patients with type 2 diabetes with matching non diabetic controls were selected. Fasting plasma glucose and HbA1c were measured. Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and the ratio of the FEV1 to the FVC as a percentage (FEV1/ FVC%) were studied.

Results: 14% of diabetic patients had restrictive and 4% had obstructive lung disease in comparison to 2% and 4.5% respectively in controls. Both HbA1c and FPG did not have any significant effect on ventilatory function.

Conclusion: Duration of diabetes was related to an increased incidence of restrictive lung disease. There was a statistically significant incidence of restrictive lung disease in diabetics when compared to controls. There was no effect of glycemic control on ventilatory function.

5.GYNANDROBLASTOMA: AN EXTREMLY RARE CASE

Qadir Fatima, Suman Verma, Narendra Kumar Bairwa, L.A.Gauri, Ajay.B.R, Dharmendra Tyagi

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Rajasthan, INDIA

Abstract:

Gynandroblastoma is a rare tumor that shows histologic features of both a granulosa-theca cell and a Sertoli-Leydig cell (androblastoma) tumor, which, when functional, is often masculinizing.

6.CARBON CAPTURE THROUGH FORESTS & VEGETATION – AN ENVIRONMENTAL INKLING

Shreya Gaur and Murari Lal Gaur

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Gujarat, INDIA

Abstract:

Forest envelop is one of many factors which affect climate at the global, regional and local scales. Throughout the globe, forests have been a source of inspiration for people who live in them or near them and have often identified forests, forest groves or even individual trees as sacred places or objects. Many environmental and ecological ‘services’ are derived from forests. In most cases, the forest ecosystem is one element in a complex interaction in which factors such as geographical location, size of the forested area, geology, human and animal activities all play a role. Different interpretations of the significance of forests in issues such as global climate change, flows of water in rivers, soil erosion, and more recently the carbon storage/sequestration and its dynamics are often related to the complexity of measuring the role of forest ecosystems as fact full questions. The existence and cycling of carbon in forest ecosystems is neither well understood nor recognized. Accordingly, its dynamics and recent portrait under climate change scenario is emerging as one of the biggest challenges for mankind, which needs to be sensibly tackled across the globe at all scales of time and space. As a tree grows, it will continue to tie up more and more carbon. In fact, trees will continue to store more carbon than they give off until maturity or old age at which time a homeostasis is reached. Present chapter is focused on certain basics of carbon capture & storage (CCS) by including role of forests in this regard. Essentials of technologies and conceptual ingredients of CCS are described followed by emerging key issues and potentials at global and national scale. Carbon dynamics across forests, soils and in particular in Agro-Forestry systems for Indian conditions is reviewed and presented to visualize the prevailing scenario in this regard.

7.SARCOIDOSIS: AN UPDATE

Qadir Fatima, Suman Kapuriya, Mukesh Kumar, L.A.Gauri, Harshal Pankaj

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Rajasthan, INDIA

Abstract:

Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disorder of unknown cause characterized by the formation of immune granulomas in involved organs. It is an ubiquitous disease with incidence (varying according to age, sex, race and geographic origin) estimated at around 16.5/100,000 in men and 19/100,000 in women. The lung and the lymphatic system are predominantly affected but virtually every organ may be involved. Other severe manifestations result from cardiac, neurological, ocular, kidney or laryngeal localizations. Abnormal metabolism of vitamin D3 within granulomatous lesions and hypercalcemia are possible. Chest radiography is abnormal in about 90% of cases and shows lymphadenopathy and/or pulmonary infiltrates (without or with fibrosis).The etiology remains unknown but the prevailing hypothesis is that various unidentified, likely poorly degradable antigens of either infectious or environmental origin could trigger an exaggerated immune reaction in genetically susceptible hosts. Diagnosis relies on compatible clinical and radiographic manifestations, evidence of non-caseating granulomas obtained by biopsy through tracheobronchial endoscopy or at other sites, and exclusion of all other granulomatous diseases. Mortality is estimated at between 0.5–5%. In most benign cases (spontaneous resolution within 24–36 months), no treatment is required but a regular follow-up until recovery is necessary. In more serious cases, a medical treatment has to be prescribed either initially or at some point during follow-up according to clinical manifestations and their evolution.

8.CLONAL PROPAGATION OF DIFFERENT OLIVE CULTIVARS IN GREENHOUSE USING DIFFERENT GROWTH REGULATORS

Syed Muhammad Aslam, Shujaat Ali, Bakht Zeb, Taskeen Hassan Khan, Shahid Riaz

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PAKISTAN

Abstract:

The experiment “Clonal propagation of different olive cultivars in greenhouse using different growth regulators” was conducted in greenhouse, of Fruits Crop Research Program of Horticultural Research Institute at National Agriculture Research Centre (NARC) Islamabad during July to September 2012. In the experiment semi-hardwood cuttings of two olive cultivars Uslu and Nocellara Del Belice were collected from 12 years old plants. Cuttings comprised of 4-6 nodes, 10-12 cm in length. All except 3-4 terminal leaves from the cuttings were stripped off. Basal portion of the cuttings were treated with talcum powder containing 0, 3000ppm, and 4000ppm Indole butyric acid (IBA) and 0, 1000ppm, 2000ppm of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Treated cuttings were planted in a coarse sand medium under the plastic tunnel. A cutting was exposed to natural day length. Relative humidity within the propagation tunnel was 70-80 percent and the temperature ranged between 25-40 oc. Maximum rooting in “Uslu” (73.12%) and “Nocellara Del Belice” (67.22%) were observed at 4000ppm IBA treatment level. However, 3000ppm and 4000ppm IBA treatments were similar in affecting rooting within the cultivars. In both the cultivars rooting percentage were increased with increasing concentration of NAA from 1000ppm to 2000ppm. The higher concentration of NAA or IBA the number of roots and root length per cutting were also increase.

9.MICROPROPAGATION OF POTATO VARIETIES AND THEIR IN VITRO CHARACTERIZATION AGAINST SALT STRESS

Waqar Ali Khan, Muhammad Sayyar Khan Kazi, Shujaat Ali, Arif Kamal Khan

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PAKISTAN

Abstract:

Two potato varieties namely Kuroda and Paramount were collected from the Agriculture Research Institute Tarnab Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan, for their micropropagation and then characterizing them in vitro against the salt stress. This process was performed at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory in Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE),The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. The potato varieties were first allowed to sprout under suitable conditions. Then the buds obtained from sprouted potatoes were used as their explants for micropropagation. These explants were cultured on Murashige and Skooge(MS) medium in test tubes. Some of them were used as control with no salt. While in the remaining test tubes three different salt concentrations i.e. 25mM, 50mM and 75mM were used. After few days various parameters of the cultured buds such as rooting and shooting response, the number of roots formed and the difference in salt stress responses of the two potato varieties was determined. It was deduced that there is no clear relation between the growth parameters and the salt concentration. Still it was seen that both of the potato varieties are highly adaptive.

10.PROGNOSTIC SIGNIFICANCE OF DIABETES IN DENGUE FEVER WITH POLYSEROSITIS

Sumesh Raj, Manojan .K.K, Rajan G. V

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Kerala, INDIA

Abstract:

Background: Diabetes mellitus is well known to exacerbate infections both bacterial and viral but its effect on the severity of viral infection has not been well studied. Presence of polyserositis is an indicator of the severity of dengue virus infection. This study investigates the prognostic significance of diabetes in dengue fever with polyserositis.

Methods: The study was conducted among 161 Dengue fever patients with polyserositis over a period of 12 months as a case control study. Non diabetic patients having dengue fever with polyserositis were taken as controls. We studied the impact of hyperglycaemia on the prognosis of these patients.

Results: 49 percent of patients with diabetes had fasting plasma glucose greater than 200mg %.42 % of diabetic patients had elevated HbA1C.18.4% patients with uncontrolled diabetes developed dengue shock syndrome when compared to 8.2% of controls. The mortality rate was 3.42% in diabetic patients with polyserosits who developed Dengue shock syndrome when compared to 1.27% in controls.

Conclusion: Presence of hyperglycemia in diabetic dengue patients with polyserositis is associated with a poorer outcome independent of the severity of other complications like thrombocytopenia.